BOK stays pat for eighth month as weak won and high debt constrain policy

This undated photo shows Bank of Korea headquarters located in Seoul. Yonhap.

SEOUL, January 15 (AJP) - The Bank of Korea (BOK) kept its benchmark interest rate unchanged at 2.5 percent on Thursday, extending its policy pause to an eighth consecutive month as policymakers remain constrained by a weak currency, elevated household debt and divergent inflation pressures.

At its first rate-setting meeting of 2026, the central bank decided to hold the base rate steady, unchanged since a 25-basis-point cut in May last year. The decision reflects what officials have described as a growing policy bind in a prolonged liquidity-rich environment.

While the Korean won has remained near crisis-level weakness — raising concerns about imported inflation and eroding the relative appeal of Korean assets — the scale of domestic household debt continues to limit the central bank’s room to maneuver. Household debt stands at around 2,000 trillion won ($1.36 trillion), a level seen as prohibitive for any rate hike.

At the same time, the BOK has little scope to resume a rate-cutting cycle, particularly as expectations build that the Bank of Japan may deliver a second consecutive rate hike later this month — a move that could exacerbate regional currency volatility and put additional pressure on the won.

The won, which had drawn temporary support overnight from rare interventionist rhetoric by the U.S. Treasury Department echoing Seoul’s concerns, remained under pressure in early Seoul trading. The dollar was quoted at 1,467.5 won, up 1 won on the day as of the morning session.

U.S. Treasury Secretary Scott Bessent said in a post on X following a meeting with Deputy Prime Minister and Finance Minister Koo Yun-cheol that the won’s weakness was not aligned with South Korea’s economic fundamentals, an unusually direct comment from Washington that briefly steadied market sentiment.
Kim Yeon-jae Reporter duswogmlwo77@ajupress.com

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